技術(shù)的發(fā)展對翻譯行業(yè)產(chǎn)生了哪些影響？機(jī)器翻譯是否會對人工翻譯產(chǎn)生威脅？這些問題我們已經(jīng)討論了很久，外國譯員又會給出怎樣的答案？
The advancement of technology has brought about a major change in attitudes, approach and the way we do business in life, especially in the way we view the once-vaunted traditional brick-and-mortar stores and its services, which are being slowly being washed away by this raging digital tide.
技術(shù)的進(jìn)步帶來了態(tài)度、方法以及我們在生活中做事方式的重大改變，特別是改變了我們看待曾經(jīng)光鮮一時的傳統(tǒng)實體店及其服務(wù)的方式，它們正漸漸被這股數(shù)字浪潮沖走。
Job service applications on mobile phones and tablet devices have outgrown the traditional posted mail with the email, stores such as travel agencies that provided multi services are battling the growing number of travel apps, and the retail business is too under threat with the rising number of app-related services that are encroaching every industry and reshaping the way services are being offered.
手機(jī)和平板設(shè)備上的就業(yè)服務(wù)應(yīng)用的發(fā)展已經(jīng)超過了傳統(tǒng)的電子郵件發(fā)布服務(wù)，提供多種服務(wù)的旅行社等實體店正在與不斷增加的旅游應(yīng)用程序作斗爭，而隨著越來越多的應(yīng)用程序相關(guān)服務(wù)滲透著每個行業(yè)，改變著服務(wù)的提供方式，零售業(yè)也受到了很大的威脅。
Many of these traditional stores and services are playing catch up with innovative moves that strike a balance between the old and the new. But slowly some of these services, offered through exclusivity and individual expertise, are becoming a thing of the past and are being replaced by the growing number of clicks on these new devices.
許多傳統(tǒng)店鋪和服務(wù)都在實行創(chuàng)新舉措，在新舊之間取得平衡。但慢慢地，一些傳統(tǒng)獨(dú)家服務(wù)和個人專業(yè)知識服務(wù)已成為過去，取而代之的是新型設(shè)備上不斷增長的點(diǎn)擊量。
Amid this tech scenario, the question arises whether the increasing number of education apps in general and translations apps in particular, apart from the general basic Google Translation, are posing a threat to translation as a profession. In the Arab world, translation services are regarded as an expertise that brought the bilingual or multilingual translator not only laurels, but also money in the form of a job.
在這種科技環(huán)境下，問題出現(xiàn)了，除了基本的谷歌翻譯外，越來越多的教育應(yīng)用程序，尤其是翻譯應(yīng)用程序，是否對翻譯職業(yè)構(gòu)成了威脅。在阿拉伯國家，翻譯服務(wù)被當(dāng)作一種專業(yè)知識，它不僅給雙語或多語翻譯者帶來了榮譽(yù)，還以工作的形式帶來了收入。
The advancement of technology, which has broken the language barrier and made it possible for people to communicate through application devices, is slowly loosening the grip of this exclusive band on translation with a range of apps that can be used to translate thoughts and words.
技術(shù)的進(jìn)步打破了語言障礙，使人們可以通過應(yīng)用程序設(shè)備進(jìn)行交流，一些應(yīng)用程序還可以用來翻譯思想和文字，技術(shù)的進(jìn)步使翻譯的門檻逐漸降低。
A traveler, not well versed in the language of the country he is visiting, is now able to communicate with locals, order food from menu and engage in a simple conversation. Technology got smarter and now people do not have to type in the word to be translated, as the new device can do it with a click as it has the ability to translate images and writings by taking a photo from their mobile phones.
不太精通旅游所到國家語言的游客，現(xiàn)在能夠與當(dāng)?shù)厝私涣鳎瑥牟藛紊宵c(diǎn)菜，并進(jìn)行簡單的交談。技術(shù)發(fā)展得更先進(jìn)了，現(xiàn)在人們不必輸入要翻譯的單詞，可以利用新的設(shè)備通過點(diǎn)擊來進(jìn)行翻譯，因為它可以通過手機(jī)拍照來翻譯圖像和文字。
Professional translators interviewed in this report believe that these translation apps and devices still make major errors and they cannot replace humans. It is debatable that the jobs in the translation industry could be replaced by new software’s since thousands of translation applications are created every year, and still the profession is much sought after.
在這份報告中接受采訪的專業(yè)翻譯人員認(rèn)為，這些翻譯應(yīng)用程序和設(shè)備仍然存在重大錯誤，無法取代人類。關(guān)于翻譯行業(yè)的工作是否可以被新型軟件所取代，目前尚有爭議，因為每年都有數(shù)以千計的翻譯應(yīng)用程序誕生，而且這個行業(yè)仍然很受歡迎。
Many, however, are of the view that these smart applications are good for quick byte translations but will not replace professional translators, arguing that applications, such as Google Translate, does not give an accurate translation.
然而，許多人認(rèn)為，這些智能應(yīng)用程序可以用于快速翻譯字節(jié)，但不會取代專業(yè)翻譯人員，他們認(rèn)為，諸如Google Translate之類的應(yīng)用程序無法給予準(zhǔn)確的翻譯。
According to an article published by ‘Reportlinker’, the global machine translation market size is expected to reach $983.3 million by 2022. The technology is expected to offer opportunities to people for communicating and accessing information in a particular language.
據(jù)Reportlinker發(fā)表的一篇文章，預(yù)計到2022年，全球機(jī)器翻譯市場規(guī)模將達(dá)到9.833億美元（約合人民幣68.2億元）。翻譯技術(shù)有望為人們提供以一種特定的語言交流和獲取信息的機(jī)會。
Muhammad Ahmad, a senior translator in his 60s with more than 40 years experience in this field, explained that translation softwares and applications could help in translating a word or two but not a full text. He added that by using these technologies companies would face a lot of issues because the translated piece will have plenty of mistakes.
60多歲的資深譯者Muhammad Ahmad有40多年從業(yè)經(jīng)驗。他解釋說，翻譯軟件和應(yīng)用程序翻譯一兩個單詞或許有用，但不能翻譯全文。他還說，如果公司使用這些技術(shù)，就會面臨很多問題，因為譯文會有很多錯誤。
“The language of a document that is coming out from court, for example, is in a legalize that uses technical language that cannot be translated properly by any translation application and instead needs an experienced translator. The same can be said about complicated medical reports,” he added.
Muhammad Ahmad 表示：“例如，沒有翻譯應(yīng)用程序能準(zhǔn)確、恰當(dāng)?shù)刈g出法庭的法律術(shù)語文件，這些內(nèi)容需要經(jīng)驗豐富的譯者。復(fù)雜的醫(yī)療報告也是如此。”
She explained that many people might see that new technology replaces human labor but technology would not have existed without the humans behind it.
她解釋說，許多人可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)，新技術(shù)取代了人類勞動力，但沒有人類的支持，技術(shù)就不會存在。
Afnan Abdulaziz, a translator graduate in her late 20s, said, “Translation apps or what we in the profession call Computer-Aided Translation have come a long way since they started. We have moved from apps giving only word for word equivalence to apps that can not only translate whole paragraphs and sentences but also translate speech like an interpreter does.”
20多歲的畢業(yè)于翻譯專業(yè)的Afnan Abdulaziz 表示：“翻譯應(yīng)用程序或我們業(yè)內(nèi)所說的計算機(jī)輔助翻譯自誕生開始已經(jīng)取得了很大的進(jìn)展，從只能逐字翻譯的應(yīng)用程序發(fā)展為不僅能翻譯整段文字和句子，還能像口譯員那樣翻譯演講的應(yīng)用程序。”
“Commercial apps made such technology accessible to most people. Such technology is not perfect yet but they are a great help to travelers and people who want to learn a language,” she said.
Abdulaziz還說道：“商業(yè)應(yīng)用程序讓大多數(shù)人都能使用翻譯技術(shù)。這樣的技術(shù)雖然還不完美，但確實能為游客以及想要學(xué)習(xí)語言的人提供很大幫助。”
Abdulaziz expressed that she does not fear that her job as a translator will be replaced by new technology. She added, “Text still needs to be proofed and edited by someone who understands both source and target languages. The role of a translator may be redefined in the future, but for now we still have a long way to go before our jobs are fully automated.”
Abdulaziz表示，她并不擔(dān)心自己的翻譯工作會被新技術(shù)取代。她補(bǔ)充說：“文字仍然需要由既懂源語言又懂目標(biāo)語言的人來校對和編輯。未來，譯者的角色可能會被重新定義，但在我們的工作完全自動化之前，還有很長的路要走。”
However, in her opinion computers and translation applications can be useful tools when writing and they can help us in many things such as understanding the word’s meaning, finding synonyms and antonyms.
然而，她認(rèn)為計算機(jī)和翻譯應(yīng)用程序?qū)懽鞔笥兄?，能幫助我們理解單詞的含義、尋找同義詞和反義詞。
Rawan Abdulhaleem, is another junior translator in her 20s, who does not believe that computers or translation applications can replace the humans' ability to translate and understand texts. She believes that the computers or the applications are usually there to translate certain words and not full sentences.
Rawan Abdulhaleem是另一位20多歲的年輕譯者，她不相信計算機(jī)或翻譯應(yīng)用程序能夠取代人類翻譯和理解文本的能力。她認(rèn)為計算機(jī)或應(yīng)用程序通常用來翻譯某些單詞而不是完整的句子。
“Overall, computers can help translators carrying out translation tasks. On the other hand, we cannot depend totally on computers because computers will fail when we compare them to the human’s brain, which has the ability to understand the words between the lines and recognize the cultural differences,” she said.
她表示：“總的來說，計算機(jī)可以幫助譯員完成翻譯任務(wù)。另一方面，我們不能完全依賴計算機(jī)。當(dāng)我們將計算機(jī)與大腦進(jìn)行比較時，計算機(jī)就會敗下陣來，因為大腦有能力理解字里行間的單詞并識別文化差異。”
